THE PMM FIELD GUIDE

Competitive intelligence,
without the jargon fog.

61 practical explanations for the work behind better positioning, sharper battlecards, and fewer competitive surprises.

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61 termsBrowse the complete field guide
FundamentalsEssential

Competitive Intelligence

The ethical practice of turning market and competitor evidence into decisions your company can act on.

CIstrategyevidence
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FundamentalsEssential

Competitive Analysis

A structured comparison of competitors at a point in time, usually across product, market, positioning, and go-to-market dimensions.

analysisplanningcomparison
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FundamentalsEssential

Market Intelligence

Evidence about customers, categories, demand, channels, regulations, and competitors used to understand how a market is moving.

marketresearchstrategy
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FundamentalsEssential

Competitive Landscape

The full set of direct rivals, indirect alternatives, substitutes, and emerging entrants competing for the same customer outcome.

market mapcompetitorsalternatives
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Fundamentals

Direct Competitor

A company selling a similar solution to a similar buyer for the same primary job.

competitor typesalesmarket
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Fundamentals

Indirect Competitor

A different kind of product or service that solves the same underlying customer problem.

competitor typealternativesbuyer
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Fundamentals

Substitute

An alternative way for a buyer to achieve enough of the desired outcome without purchasing your category.

alternativesstatus quobuyer
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FundamentalsEssential

Positioning

The deliberate context that makes the right buyers understand what a product is, who it is for, and why it is the best choice.

PMMmessagingcategory
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FundamentalsEssential

Competitive Positioning

The specific place your product occupies relative to the alternatives buyers seriously consider.

positioningdifferentiationstrategy
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FundamentalsEssential

Differentiation

A meaningful, provable difference that helps a target customer choose your product over an alternative.

positioningproofbuyer value
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Fundamentals

Competitive Advantage

A capability, asset, position, or system that lets a company create superior customer or economic value over time.

moatstrategyvalue
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FundamentalsEssential

Value Proposition

A concise explanation of the valuable outcome a product delivers, for whom, and why it is preferable to alternatives.

messagingbuyer valuePMM
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Fundamentals

Unique Selling Proposition

A focused claim about the distinctive reason a customer should choose one offer over competing choices.

USPmessagingcampaigns
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Fundamentals

Jobs to Be Done

A lens for understanding the progress a customer is trying to make in a particular situation, beyond product categories or demographics.

JTBDcustomer researchbuyer
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Fundamentals

Market Segmentation

Dividing a broad market into groups with meaningfully different needs, buying behavior, or response to an offer.

segmentsICPmarket
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Signals & SourcesEssential

Competitor Monitoring

Continuously checking selected competitor sources for meaningful changes and preserving the evidence over time.

trackingautomationsignals
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Signals & SourcesEssential

Pricing Intelligence

Evidence about competitors’ prices, packaging, discounting, contract structure, and value metrics.

pricingpackagingmonetization
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Signals & Sources

Product Release Monitoring

Tracking competitor launches, release notes, documentation, and product announcements to understand changing capabilities and priorities.

productroadmaplaunches
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Signals & Sources

Messaging Change

A material shift in how a competitor describes its buyer, problem, category, value, or differentiation.

messagingpositioningwebsite
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Signals & Sources

Hiring Signals

Strategic clues inferred from the roles, locations, seniority, and skills a competitor is recruiting.

careersorganizationstrategy
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Signals & Sources

Customer Review Intelligence

Structured learning from public customer reviews about perceived strengths, friction, missing capabilities, and switching triggers.

reviewsVoCsentiment
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Signals & Sources

Funding & M&A Signals

Evidence from fundraising, acquisitions, divestitures, and investor communication that changes a competitor’s resources or direction.

fundingM&Astrategy
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Signals & Sources

Earnings Call Intelligence

Competitive insight extracted from public-company earnings calls, prepared remarks, and analyst questions.

public companiesfinancialsexecutives
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Signals & Sources

SEC Filings

Required public disclosures that reveal material risks, financial performance, operations, ownership, and strategic events.

SECprimary sourcefinancials
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Signals & Sources

Social Listening

Monitoring public social conversations to understand topics, perceptions, emerging issues, and competitor activity.

socialbrandsentiment
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Signals & SourcesEssential

Website Change Detection

Comparing versions of public web pages to identify meaningful additions, removals, and wording changes.

web monitoringdiffevidence
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Signals & Sources

Brand Monitoring

Tracking mentions and coverage of a company or product across media, communities, reviews, and the wider web.

brandmentionsmedia
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Research MethodsEssential

Competitive Battlecard

A concise, regularly updated guide that helps customer-facing teams navigate a specific competitive situation.

sales enablementtalk trackcompetitive
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Research MethodsEssential

Win-Loss Analysis

A structured program for learning why buyers chose you, a competitor, another approach, or no change at all.

buyer researchsalesinterviews
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Research Methods

SWOT Analysis

A planning framework that separates internal strengths and weaknesses from external opportunities and threats.

frameworkstrategyplanning
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Research Methods

Porter’s Five Forces

A framework for evaluating industry profit pressure through rivalry, entrants, substitutes, buyer power, and supplier power.

frameworkindustryeconomics
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Research Methods

PESTLE Analysis

A scan of political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental forces that can reshape a market.

frameworkmacrorisk
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Research Methods

Feature Comparison

A documented comparison of capabilities across products, ideally including depth, availability, constraints, and evidence.

featuresmatrixproduct
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Research Methods

Competitor Matrix

A structured grid comparing competitors across selected dimensions relevant to a decision.

comparisonmatrixresearch
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Research Methods

Market Map

A visual organization of companies and alternatives by segment, category, business model, or strategic position.

visualizationlandscapesegments
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Research Methods

Primary Research

New evidence gathered directly through interviews, surveys, observation, experiments, or direct data collection.

interviewssurveysresearch
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Research Methods

Secondary Research

Analysis of existing public or licensed material such as websites, filings, reports, reviews, databases, and publications.

desk researchsourcesevidence
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Research MethodsEssential

Voice of Customer

A disciplined system for capturing and interpreting customers’ needs, language, expectations, and experiences.

VoCcustomersmessaging
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Research Methods

Sentiment Analysis

Classifying the tone or opinion expressed in text, often as positive, negative, neutral, or topic-specific sentiment.

NLPreviewssocial
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Research MethodsEssential

Evidence Provenance

The traceable origin and history of an intelligence claim: source, time, context, and the evidence used to reach it.

sourcestrustevidence
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Research Methods

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

The proportion of decision-relevant information in a stream of alerts, observations, or collected data.

qualitymonitoringprioritization
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MetricsEssential

Win Rate

The share of eligible sales opportunities won during a defined period.

salesKPIrevenue
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MetricsEssential

Competitive Win Rate

The percentage of completed opportunities won when one or more named competitors were involved.

salescompetitionKPI
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Metrics

Market Share

A company’s portion of a defined market, measured by revenue, customers, units, usage, or another explicit basis.

marketKPIgrowth
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Metrics

Share of Voice

Your share of measured category visibility or conversation compared with selected competitors.

brandawarenessKPI
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Metrics

Churn Rate

The percentage of customers or recurring revenue lost during a period.

retentionSaaSKPI
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Metrics

Customer Acquisition Cost

The sales and marketing cost required to acquire a customer, using a clearly defined cost base and period.

CACgrowtheconomics
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Metrics

Customer Lifetime Value

The expected economic value generated by a customer across the relationship, based on revenue or contribution margin.

LTVunit economicsretention
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Metrics

Net Promoter Score

A loyalty metric calculated by subtracting the percentage of detractors from the percentage of promoters on a recommendation question.

NPSloyaltyVoC
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Metrics

Competitive Impact Scoring

A consistent method for ranking competitor moves by likely consequence, urgency, confidence, and strategic relevance.

prioritizationsignalsscoring
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Competitive ActionEssential

Competitive Response Strategy

A deliberate choice to respond, monitor, preempt, reframe, or do nothing after assessing a competitive move.

actionstrategydecision
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Competitive Action

Counter-Positioning

Reframing the buying decision so a competitor’s apparent strength becomes less relevant—or exposes a tradeoff.

positioningmessagingstrategy
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Competitive ActionEssential

Competitive Objection Handling

A truthful, buyer-centered response to concerns or comparisons involving a competitor.

salesbattlecardtalk track
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Competitive Action

Competitive Sales Enablement

Giving sellers current knowledge, tools, practice, and evidence to navigate competitive deals effectively.

salesenablementworkflow
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Competitive ActionEssential

Go-to-Market Strategy

The integrated choices for reaching, winning, delivering value to, and growing target customers.

GTMgrowthstrategy
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Competitive Action

Market Entry Strategy

A plan for establishing a viable position in a new segment, geography, category, or channel.

expansionGTMmarket
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Competitive Action

Competitive Launch Response

A coordinated decision about whether and how to react when a competitor launches a product, feature, campaign, or market initiative.

launchresponseproduct
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Competitive Action

Competitive Pricing Response

A considered reaction to a competitor’s price, package, discount, or value-metric change.

pricingpackagingresponse
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Competitive Action

Pricing Strategy

The choices governing how a company captures value through price level, metric, packaging, terms, and discount architecture.

pricingmonetizationstrategy
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Competitive ActionEssential

Positioning Drift

The gradual weakening or blurring of your market position as competitors, customers, products, and category language change.

positioningdriftmessaging
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Competitive Action

Proof Point

Specific evidence that makes a positioning or value claim credible.

evidencemessagingtrust
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